Important Facts to Know about CPR

If the victim has been in water or their chest is wet, wipe the chest dry before attaching the AED pads.
For adults compress to a depth of at least 2 inches but not deeper than 2.4 inches.
For children compress ⅓ the depth of the child’s chest or about 2 inches.
For infants compress ⅓ the depth of the infant’s chest or about 1.5 inches
An AED can help the heart return to a normal cardiac rhythm.
Start CPR if a choking victim becomes unresponsive and always look for an object in the mouth before doing a rescue breath.
For an unresponsive victim who is gasping (agonal breathing), not breathing normally and with no pulse always start CPR.
For an infant choking provide continuous sets of 5 back slaps followed by 5 chest thrusts.
If a choking infant becomes unresponsive call 911, start CPR looking in the mouth before each rescue breath.
If you see someone performing chest compressions too slowly tell them to compress at a rate of 100 to 120 times per minute.
If you see the compressor not allowing complete chest recoil tell them so promptly.
Always turn on the AED first and then follow the prompts from the AED.
A hairy chest may need to be shaved before attaching AED pads.
When using a bag valve mask watch the chest carefully to monitor the chest rising.
For single rescuer child or infant CPR provide 30 compressions then two rescue breaths.
For two rescuer child or infant provide 15 compressions then two rescue breaths.
If multiple rescuers are doing CPR have them alternate doing the compressions, switching positions about every 2 minutes.
Allow the chest to recoil completely between compressions so the heart can refill.
It’s better to push too deep when providing compressions than to push too shallow.
Teams function best when there are clear roles and responsibilities.
Team members should know their limitations and ask for help if needed.

BLS Healthcare Provider Review

BLS CPR consists of 3 main components:

Compressions
Airway
Breathing

Adult Chain of Survival:

In Hospital:

Surveillance, prevention, treatment of pre-arrest conditions
Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest & activation of EMS
Early CPR with emphasis on chest compressions
Rapid defibrillation
Multidisciplinary post cardiac arrest care

Out of Hospital:

Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest & activation of EMS
Early CPR with emphasis on chest compressions
Rapid defibrillation with an AED
Effective advanced life support
Multidisciplinary post cardiac arrest care

Adult 1 Rescuer CPR:

Make sure the scene is Safe.
Check for responsiveness. Tap and shout, “Are you OK?”
If no response, Activate EMS (call 911) and send someone to get the AED.
Assess the victim for normal breathing and the presence of a pulse.
If there is no pulse of breathing begin 30 chest compressions minimum 2 inches deep, no deeper than 2.4 inches.
Give 2 breaths (1 second each) watching chest rise. Do not over ventilate.
Continue CPR until help arrives or the victim is revived. Push Hard, and Push Fast: compress at a minimum rate of at least 100 to 120 compressions per minute allowing full chest recoil after each compression. Attach AED ASAP while minimizing interruptions in chest compressions.

Adult 2 Rescuer CPR:

Ventilator determines responsiveness, if no response activate EMS (call 911) and calls for an AED
Ventilator checks for pulse and no breathing or normal breathing
If Victim has Pulse:
Ventilator will provide rescue breaths for them:
1 breath every 5-6 seconds or about 10-12 per minute (each breath should be delivered over 1 second making the chest rise)
If Victim has No Pulse:
Compressor will start chest compressions, with the heel of two hands at a ratio of:
30 compressions by the Compressor to 2 ventilations by the Ventilator at a rate of at least 100 to 120 per minute and a depth of at least 2” and no deeper than 2.4 inches.
The Ventilator can check for a pulse during compressions to make sure they are effective by feeling a pulse every compression.
After every 5 cycles or 2 minutes of CPR switch to maintain effective CPR.

Advanced Airway:

Once the advanced airway is in place do NOT stop compressions for breaths DO CONTINUOUS COMPRESSIONS AND PERFORM 10 BREATHS PER MINUTE (every 6 seconds), switch positions every 2 minutes.

CHILD AND INFANT

Pediatric Chain of Survival:

Early Recognition and Prevention
Rapid activation of EMS or Call 911
High Quality CPR
Advanced Resuscitation
Post-cardiac arrest care
Recovery

Child 1 Rescuer CPR:

Make sure the scene is safe.
Determine responsiveness. Tap and shout.
If the child is un-responsive shout for help. Activate EMS via cell phone if available.
Assess for normal breathing and check the pulse.
If the collapse was sudden and witnessed leave the victim if needed to call 911. If unwitnessed, no cell phone or bystander to call you should do 2 minutes of CPR before leaving to call 911.
If there is no detectable pulse, or pulse is less than 60 beats/min., start chest compressions at the lower part of the breastbone, at the depth of 1/3 of the child’s body or about 2” depth: Do 30 compressions.
Give 2 breaths (1 second each) watching the chest rise
Continue CPR at a ratio of 30 to 2 until help arrives.
Push Hard-Push Fast, and compress at a minimum rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. Allow full chest recoil after each compression. Minimize interruptions in chest compressions. Attach AED ASAP.

Child 2 Rescuer CPR:

15 compressions: 2 breaths, Rate = 100 to 120/min
(Ventilator) the rescuer at the head, (Compressor) the rescuer at the chest
Ventilator determines responsiveness, if no response:
Compressor or bystander calls 911 or activates EMS number
Check for pulse, check for breathing or no normal breathing (minimum 5 seconds; maximum 10 seconds)
If child has pulse greater than 60 beats/ min.
Ventilator will rescue breath for them:
1 breath every 2-3 seconds or about 20-30 per minute (each breath should be delivered over 1 second making the chest rise)
Recheck pulse every 2 minutes
If the child does not have normal pulse or if pulse is less than 60 beats/min.
Compressor will start chest compressions, with the heal of one hand or two at a ratio of: 15 compressions followed by 2 ventilations by the Ventilator at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute and a depth of ⅓ of the child’s body depth or 2”
Switch places and reassess victim after 5 cycles

Infant (0-1 YEAR OF AGE)

CPR – Infant 1 rescuer CPR

Make sure the scene is safe.
Determine responsiveness. Tap and shout.
If the child is un-responsive shout for help. Activate EMS via cell phone if available.
Assess for normal breathing and check the pulse.
If the collapse was sudden and witnessed leave the infant if needed to call 911. If unwitnessed, no cell phone or bystander to call you should do 2 minutes of CPR before leaving to call 911.
If there is no detectable pulse, or pulse is less than 60 beats/min., start chest compressions at the depth of ⅓ of the child’s body or about 1.5” depth: Do 30 compressions. Rate of compressions i 100 to 120 per minute.
Check for breathing, check for pulse for 5-10 seconds: pulse (brachial or femoral)
If the victim does not have pulse greater that 60 beats/min.
Start chest compressions, use the heel of one hand or the two thumb-encircling hands technique.
You activate EMS or call 911 if no cell phone or no-one is around after the first 5 cycles of CPR
Then return to the infant & continue CPR
If the infant has pulse greater than 60 beats/min provide:

Infant Rescue Breaths:

1 breath every 2-3 seconds for about 20-30 per minute (each breath should be delivered over 1 second making the chest rise)
Recheck pulse every 2 minutes

Infant 2 Rescuer CPR:

Switch to 15 compressions: 2 breaths, Rate = 100 to 120/min.

AED USE

An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is used when the heart stops beating normally and needs to be reset by an electric shock. The sooner the shock is delivered the better, since the probability of successful defibrillation diminishes rapidly over time.
Provide 5 cycles of CPR, 30 compression to 2 breaths, for 2 minutes before using an AED on a child from 1 year to 8 or on an infant 1< of age.
Special Considerations:
Hairy chest-remove enough hair to get good contact with the skin.
Dry chest if visibly wet.
Implanted device-place pad at least 1 inch away from implant, never place pad on top of device.
Medication patch-remove it and wipe area before pad placement.
Note: Adult AED pads can be used on children and infants but pediatric pads are preferred. Pediatric pads can not be used on adults.
For infants a manual defibrillator is preferred. If a manual defibrillator is not available, an AED with pediatric pads or a pediatric dose attenuator (plug-in shock reducing adapter) is desirable. If neither are available use Adult pads if that is all that is available.

Adult Conscious Choking

Are you choking?
Can you speak?
Can I help you?
Alternating five back blows followed by five abdominal thrusts, until the object is expelled or the person becomes unresponsive.

Adult Unconscious Choking:

(NO BLIND FINGER SWEEPS)
Call 911
Open the airway remove the object if you see it, then begin CPR (30 compressions to 2
breaths)
Every time you open the airway to give breaths look for the object
Then continue CPR (30 to 2)

Choking – Child Conscious Choking:

Are you choking?
Can you speak?
Can I HELP you? (ask the parent if you can help their child)
Alternating five back blows followed by five abdominal thrusts, until the object is expelled or the person becomes unresponsive.
Child Unconscious Choking: NO BLIND FINGER SWEEPS
Call for help, send bystander to call 911 or activate EMS
Open the airway, remove the object if you see it, then begin CPR, with a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths.
Every time you open the airway to give breaths look for the object.
Then continue CPR with a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths.
If no one came to call 911 or activate EMS, you call after 2 minutes of CPR

Infant Conscious Choking:

Look for choking signs, like bluish skin, lips or nose, high-pitched noise
Pick up the infant and give 5 back blows between the shoulder blades, with the head supported and with the head lower then the infant’s bottom
Then flip the infant and provide 5 chest thrusts just below the nipple line, keeping the head lower that the infant’s bottom
Repeat until infants able to cry or becomes unconscious

Infant Unconscious Choking:

NO BLIND FINGER SWEEPS
Call for help, send bystander to call 911 or activate EMS
Open the airway, remove the object if you see, begin CPR at a ratio of 30 to 2
Every time you open the airway to give breaths look for the object
Then continue CPR at a ratio of 30 to 2
If no one came to call 911 or activate EMS, you call after 2 minutes or 5 cycles of CPR

BLS Provider CPR Classes for Individuals at our 3 Locations

📍 Fort Worth 📍 Frisco 📍 Denton

❝

George Brown

All of our staff are now trained in CPR. We now have the highest safety standards in our industry in Texas.

~ G-tech Industrial

Texas OnSite CPR

Text or Call: 817-992-0585

Email: cprtom@mac.com

❝

Nancy Stetson

To have our training onSite made it so much easier to get all of our employees trained in CPR.

~ Buffalo Ranch

BLS Healthcare Provider Study Guide